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Focus on Our Living Earth - Feb 08 FOCUS ON Intergenerational Ministry - NOV 07 FOCUS ON MENTAL HEALTH - AUG 07 Resources for Congregational Growth - Aug 07 FOCUS ON FAITH PRACTICES MAY 07 FOCUS ON ECONOMICS - FEB 07 WEBSITES - AUG 2006 OBSCURATA: MILLSTONES 11/06 IMMIGRATION RESOURCES - 5/06 FOCUS ON INTERNET SAFETY - MAY 200 FOCUS ON HUNGER - NOV 2003 STEWARDSHIP RESOURCES OBSCURATA: Order of Melchizedek
The Little Girl looked at Old Turtle, “Where I live, the earth is sore, and people are suffering. People say it has always been this way...Can we make it change Old Turtle?”she asked. [From Old Turtle and the Broken Truth 808.068 CH] What a beautiful introduction to a study of our stewardship of the Earth or celebrating Earth Day—April 22, 2008! A great place to start is ELCA’s Awakening to God’s Call to Earthkeeping 304.2-3229. This four part Bible study may be also downloaded at the ELCA website. It contains a section of resources and ideas for action. Keeping the Earth 0.1022 AD, VHS narrated by James Earl Jones, presents concerns of the state of the biosphere. An inconvenient truth: Global Warming DVD 50.60 AD illustrates the effects of global warming and how we ‘overuse’ the environment. For children 0.1691 CH The Lorax, written by Dr Suess, speaks up for the trees in this intriguing story of progress. 0.2018 YTH Whole People Whole Earth, is a fast-paced 15 minute curriculum which explores shalom lifestyles, service and the environment. 0.2166-304.2 Let the Earth Be Glad can be used for adults or intergenerational groups. It includes ideas for worship, service projects and resources. During Lent a 40 day reflection is available by subscribing to “Living Earth” at the ELCA website. A series of three studies by the NCC provide a Christian perspective on reversing the Earth’s deterioration and the disappearance of farmland. These are Sacred Oceans and Seas 304.2-3113; Our Daily Bread: Harvesters...and Gardeners 304.2-3114; and, Out of the Wilderness 304.2-3112. For those study groups that have an interest in farming or gardening, these resources are available: 635.1-2992 The Sustainable Vegetable Garden; 304.2-1452 Fruits of Creation; and 304.2-1317 Common Harvest. Common Harvest explains such projects as Vacant land as an Urban Resource, Rooftop Gardening, and Church land projects. The UC Davis Sustainable Agriculture website also has information and resources. For VBS or Sunday School 8.88-304.2 The Good Life is a 5 session curriculum with CD and CDROM Resources. As urban dwellers, we all are dependent upon farmers and sustainable farmland for our existence and comfortable lifestyles.Focus on Intergenerational MinistryThere are many ways to organize ministry and Sunday school: intergenerational activities is one of these. They can be easily organized on a seasonal basis. Many of us remember Advent workshops where the whole family was involved in craft activities, and of course a potluck dinner! Diane McGeoch shared many creative ideas recently including telling the Christmas story and putting key words on purple paper to make a chain; passing around stuffed animals which also tell the story; herbs chosen to reflect the life and times of Jesus and Advent songs. Groups can be mixed ages by differing the nametags, senior adults can share memories of past Christmases, and little ones can learn in this new faith formation experience. Many resources are available here including: 263.1-470 On Our Way to Christmas a family activity book, 263.1-643 Waiting For Christmas, stories and activities; 263.1-1536 Creative Ideas for Advent with workshops and intergenerational events, and 263.1-1088 Celebrating the Advent Season, ideas for all ages and situations. Ideas for creating a congregational Advent banner may be found in 247-2120 The Advent Banner; and 704.94-2119 The Christmas Tree Pattern Book for making ornaments. For other events, the Lenten season also lends itself to mixed groups. 8.86-394.2 Simply the Best includes stories, songs, explanations and ideas for Advent through Easter. Dramas, puppet theater and reader’s theater can be put together around the mid-week worship time. 792.4-3242 Ashes, Ashes, we All Fall Down and various skits in our 792.4 Lenten Box may be selected. 263.4-845 Creative Ideas for Lent and 263.5-1252 Before and After Easter are good resources. The Legend of the Three Trees can be presented and discussed in various ways, 49.01—Legend of the Three Trees on DVD and 808.068 book form. The Mouseprints series of the church year, now available from Thrivent also has many ideas—263-2001 The Time of the Church! One Room Sunday School 5.86 series has lessons for the church year. Resources for introducing the concept of intergenerational ministry include 0.0383 AD Generations Learning Together and 248.4-2937 Faith Family Style. FOCUS ON Mental Health...October is Mental Illness Awareness month and 2007 will be the 12th observance of the Candlelighting program by LNMI (Lutheran Network on Mental Illness. All around us, but often ignored or forgotten are those suffering with depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorders. 0.0378 AD Striving for Fullness of Life is a good introductory video. Produced by the Wheat Ridge foundation it features Jimmy Carter, Rosalynn Carter, Martin Marty and Dr Everett Koop. It includes health care for all and visioning for congregations. 0.0358 AD Nobody Knows—the Church and Depression was produced by the St Paul and Minneapolis Area Synods. It focuses on the church’s role in supporting individuals and their families when dealing with mental health issues. Specifically dealing with suicide, resources include: 0.0140 YTH FRAGILE TIME the story of Andrew Chilstrom’s suicide and the experiences of his family and college-age friends. A good intergenerational resource. 0.1602-253.62 AD Fierce Goodbye: Living in the Shadow of Suicide was produced by Mennonite Media. [Also available on DVD 49.12.] The authors of the accompanying book, G Lloyd & Gwendolyn Carr include “four clear cases of suicide in the Old Testament”.. 616-3166 Why I Jumped by Tina Zahn is an easy reading book on postpartum depression. The information and description of symptoms also applies to many other instances of depression. 0.0883 YTH Fast Forward: the Rejection Connection will help teens learn some ways to deal with rejection, make good friends, and combat depression. 49.99-616.7 DVD Shadow Voices...Hope in Mental Illness is narrated by Judy Collins. It’s an “inside look at what it is like to live with mental illness” with hope and support ideas for families. Depression…"convinces you that no one cares, that no one understands, and that there is no hope. Tina Zahn 69-6602 Suicide Prevention is the ELCA message adopted in 1999. It has excellent information, Suicide Prevention Helpcard, and a listing of national agencies. Some of those listed are included here with current websites: www.save.org Suicide Awareness/Voices of Education has an excellent 2 page list of symptoms for age groups from infant to elderly. Suicide Prevention Action Network www.spanusa.org is an action network to advance public policy response to suicide. Www.nopcas.org was formed “to stop the tragic epidemic of suicide in minority communities.” Finally www.yellowribbon.org is specifically devoted to teens. *More than 60 percent of all people who complete suicide suffer from major depression.* RESOURCES FOR Congregational Growth 254.1-3171 BUILDING HEALTHY, MULTIPLYING CONGREGATIONS. Sierra Pacific Synod. Characteristics of healthy congregations, ministry and growth in communities. Also charts of Synodical responsibilities in the development of ministry changes. SPS 2007. 254.0-3181 CHURCH ADMINISTRATION: Programs Process Purpose Bacher, Robert & M CooperWhite. Twelve chapters cover the history of church administration, raising money, being a CEO, ministry teams and conflict. Also valuable are the 13 APPENDICES with sample budget forms, job descriptions, background check info and the "IRS" model--Identity, Roles, and Skills! Lots of info but well done with wit and wisdom! Fortress Press 2007. ISBN 9780800637422 254.31-3178 LIVING THE FAITH: A GUIDE FOR …MULTICULTURAL ELCA.6 SESSIONS--an approach to change perceptions and attitudes about persons of other cultures in our society. ELCA Comm. For Multicultural Ministries 2000 ISBN 9786000125165 254.3-3164 RADICAL OUTREACH: The Recovery of Apostolic Ministry by George G Hunter. Evangelism ideas for many groups for growing the church. Hunter delineates 3 groups: secular people, the "churchless, hopeless people; and the recent immigrants." Abingdon Press 2003 ISBN 9780687074419 254-3165 EVANGELISM THAT WORKS BY George Barna. Eleven inspiring chapters to encourage us to carry out the Great Commission! REGAL BOOKS 1995 ISBN 9780830717767 305.2-3137 CRISIS IN THE VILLAGE: Restoring Hope in African American Communities. Fortress Press 2007 Franklin's book is a "call to compassion and beyond to moral action"…He writes a 6 step "strategic action plan" to help our families, relationships and broken institutions. See also CD 9.46 GRACE MATTERS: Robert Franklin: Raise her for Good 7/8/07 and SIMBA CIRCLE broadcast 7/15/07.  266.9-3180 EMERGING MINISTRY: BEING CHURCH TODAY BY Nathan Frambach et al. Changes in the 'landscape': secular society in the US; global Christian churches of diverse cultures; the domin- ance of institutional churches in the US is over--all mean that Lutherans must change and adapt. This involves: to learn to 'do theology' in unaccustomed ways; to minister in a secular society; to learn and practice new forms of communication; and to discern and ask honest questions about the purpose of the church. Five chapters, each with 4-5 discussion questions. Augsburg/Fortress 2007 ISBN 806680040
The 268 Discipleship series also includes 4 part Bible studies on each of the adopted Faith Practices: Pray, Study, Worship, Invite, Encourage, Serve and Give.. Pr Karen Woida and Diane McGeoch gave a very interesting workshop at SPS Assembly “Matters of the Heart” to help us grow “in the ministry of discipleship and faith formation, and equipping others to grow in faith.” Akaloo 5.35 is the newest part of the emphasis on lifelong discipleship. Free demo and Webinar’s are available at www.akaloo.org 613.7-3120 FAITH AND FITNESS: Diet & Exercise… by Tom Hafer. This physical therapist also holds an MA degree in Religion from Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia. This is not a book to show you what to eat and which exercises to do. Rather Hafer shares a great deal of insight into why and how we eat and exercise related to our faith journey. Augsburg Fortress 2007 ISBN 9780806653310 PAGES:142 659.1-3140 FOR THE SAKE OF THE GOSPEL…Media Ministry by Kent Wilson. Excellent DVD comes with the book. The author gives examples in several ELCA worship services. Highlights using media arts to enhance worship. Augsburg Fortress 2006 ISBN 0800623426 Pp127 The newly REVISED edition of BECOMING A CONTAGIOUS CHRISTIAN 0.2184-254.3 AD is available Written by Mark Mittelberg, Lee Strobel and Bill Hybels, it is an approach to relationship evangelism that shows believers how to share God's Word in a style that is natural and effective. This can be presented in 6 sessions of 50 minutes each. A CDROM includes Powerpoint presentations for each session; 6 SERMON scripts; and reproducible promotional sheets. Zondervan 2007 ISBN 0310257882. Obscurata. . .Character
FOCUS ON Economics-Feb 07 “Just return this pre-approved credit application in the enclosed, stamped, envelope…” You have received those very friendly letters three or four times a month. Young people get them too, just because “you’re a High School Graduate" or “since you’re in college now”! But the hard truth is in the very, very fine print as a footnote: ...at 18% compounding and minimum payments you will double the amount owed in 4 years! Well that’s actually paraphrased from Good $ense Budget Course by Towner and Tofilon 0.2147-248.6 AD. This course is a great way to help young families pay down college debt and consciously make choices for family building. The word economics, from Oikonomia, means household manager; or the thrifty and efficient use of material resources. Today homemaker is almost an apologetic term—yet this person usually was the household manager. “She watches over the affairs of her household…” Prov 31:27 The husband also had responsibility. “He must manage his own family well and see that his children obey him with proper respect” I Tim 3:4. To learn to manage the household well, several small group materials may be used with men’s groups or couples. 268.4357-1995 Managing Finances, 268.4357-1651 Too Busy? 268.4357-2301 Spiritual Warfare, and 268.4357-2297 Building Character. A really good, practical website is www.oprah.com/money. This is Oprah’s Debt Diet plan. It’s thorough and free! David Bach, Jean Chatzky and Glinda Bridgforth have worked together to give anyone the tools to track income, debt, and show you how to pay it down. Another useful website is www.debtfree.org Consolidated Credit Counseling Services is available, but the free forms can be printed down and used to do the work needed for any family. For youth 0.1355 The Money Dream is a fast paced visual intro to the topic (no script). It can be followed by 0.1199 The Money Dream, a discussion by teens and families about spending, saving and managing money. Includes a budget planning form for teens. For children 0.0292 CH I Can Like Peli Can and 0.0417 CH I Can Give are very good! 248.7...Peli Scripts can be used with the puppet, Peli, for additional teaching material
Why then has the health of my people not been restored? Is there no balm in Giliad? Jer 22 Jeremiah asks: Is there no balm in Giliad? This balm was especially prized in biblical times. Health was considered important and Luke, the beloved physician, records many of the healing miracles of Jesus. Fitness today is equally important: being physically fit to be spiritually fit! WELCA this year is focusing on the health of women. See Lutheran Women Jul/Aug 2006 and “Our Journey to Wellness…” 362.1-3044 a 4-part discussion guide. Also childhood obesity and the poor eating habits of children are a serious health concern. What does the church say. In 2003 ELCA statement “Caring for Health: Our Shared Endeavor” 67-364 was adopted. With the guide, it can be a 5 week Bible study. 0.0378 AD Striving for Fullness of Life identifies the church’s challenge. Produced in 1991 by WheatRidge, Martin Marty, Jimmy Carter, Everett Koop, and others in this film provide an excellent introduction to this topic. Also 0.0413 AD Love Medicine & Miracles by Bernie Siegel. The 362.1-2732 American Diabetes Assoc INFO PACKET is available and includes general information. 613.7-2697 Stretch and Pray is a daily devotional tool which can help start a healthy daily habit of prayer and exercise. The DVD 49.38-79.1 Clown, Christ and Healing focuses on healing the spirit. Dick Hardel’s That it May be Well With YOU 253.5-2740 includes 3 essays on health care and healing. The newest resource (on order) is Tom Hafer’s Faith & Fitness: Diet and Exercise for a Better World and is available from Augsburg Fortress 08066-53310. It includes a “theology of fitness, directions for exercising” and more. For small groups, the Abingdon Press 268.4357-1835 Health & Wholeness is a 6 week study by B. Resta MD. 253.5-2490 Healing Bodies and Souls by Hale & Koenig has a list of resources for health ministries in congregations. For kids, PELI the puppet & video 0.0801 CH I Can Help provides a great way to bring up the topic and discuss habits. Also one of the Veggie Tales books 613.7-3065 CH Larry Boy in Tip, Top Cape Shape! brings the topic to toddlers. Shalom “Is it well with you?" WEBSITES August, 2006 But Jonah set out to flee...away from the presence of God!” I have spent a year fleeing from the editing and updating of the Resource Center website. After much reading, a class in Front Page and multiple planning sheets, I reluctantly began the process. Our WEBSITE IS NOW UP AND RUNNING and connected to the database! Without it, we might as well be out of business. I have learned a great deal, but I will share just a few good resources and guidelines. The ELCA website has a great resource under elca.org/webministry/ It includes some resources, websites and basic guidelines for creating a new website. The Lutheran Magazine July 06 issue has “Web site contest: The winners are…”. It gives you good pointers on what basic info to include and lots of good sites to visit and snatch ideas. Today programs are available to help you build your website, i.e. Front Page, Dreamweaver, or Netscape Composer. These are easier to use than original programming which was all html coding. These programs use buttons and commands similar to word processing and automatically format their own html codes for transmittal to the internet. A 10 minute tutorial in Dreamweaver is available at dreamweaver-demo or at www.howtogurus.com/video/DreamweaverSam-ple.WMV . This gives you a great intro into what a website program looks like. Well worth the time. The www.resourcecenterspselca.org website is formatted in Front Page and then the database is connected. Once your planning is complete, the FIRST PAGE THAT YOU DO IS THE MOST IMPORTANT. This becomes your template. They don’t call it a template, but that’s what it is. You never see this page, but it has to be there! This enables any page that you add to have the same look and continuity throughout your website! Adding hyperlinks is almost the easiest part. There is an insert hyperlink command, you type in the URL (page name + htm of where you want the link to go) and click OK then Save. Save every single step that you do! Once your planning is complete, the FIRST PAGE THAT YOU DO IS THE MOST IMPORTANT. This becomes your template. They don’t call it a template, but that’s what it is. You never see this page, but it has to be there! This enables any page that you add to have the same look and continuity throughout your website! Adding hyperlinks is almost the easiest part. There is an insert hyperlink command, you type in the URL (page name + htm of where you want the link to go) and click OK then Save. Save every single step that you do! If your website is established, you need to approach it differently. You must know or find out which program was used to set up the website. Then you just use the editing part of that program to add and change information. Obscurata Nov, 2006
It would be better if a great millstone were fastened around your neck and you were drowned..."Matt 18:6 This great millstone is MUCH bigger than I ever imagined! Certainly not something I would want tied around my neck. What is a millstone. It is either one of a pair of large, flat round stones used to grind grain. With stable societies the mill replaced mortar and pestle or small grinding stones for making of daily bread. This particular wheel is a “buhr” or a hard siliceous rock used especially for these wheels. The hole in the center of the rock provided space for a long pole. The pole was pushed by slaves. Or in later times driven by a millwheel. A millwright was one who built or maintained the mill and wheels. In Old Testament times, “Mosaic Law forbade a creditor’s taking a man’s upper millstone, because his food depended on it.” Jesus described the heavy weight of the millstone as a symbol of man’s responsibility not to put stumbling blocks in the way of young Christians. [Harper’s Bible Dictionary; photo courtesy of Ritterbush family.] Resources For Immigration, etc
The word immigrant doesn’t
appear in the Bible but the word alien does. The alien was a stranger,
someone of different customs, possibly a Gentile. Why is this topic such
a hot button. Not because we are UN-welcoming to strangers, but because
the system has been abused. How can we understand the situation in a
Christian framework? Below are some resources that are very helpful.
0.0802 AD
Beyond the News: Immigration by
Mennonite Media was filmed in 1999 but the many aspects of immigration.
It includes a discussion guide and Biblical references.
69-6605
Immigration (Social Statement of ELCA, 1998)
which
encourages us to “recognize and rejoice...and appreciate the gifts our
new neighbors bring…[as well as] the obstacles and difficulties we
face.”
0.0226
Ministry, A Cross, A Border ELCA
Describes the situation along the US/Mexico border (1990) and gives a
good discussion of the economic and political struggle on both sides. 0.0218 LA LUCHA: Struggle in Central America,
hosted by Mike Farrell introduces ministries of several churches in
response to the violence in El Salvador.
Two small group study
resources available are:
268.4357-2415
Who Is My Neighbor? (Intersections series
by Augsburg Fortress) based on the stories of Ruth and Jonah. The 6 WK
study includes Understanding our Differences; Recognizing the Blessings
of Diversity; and Struggling with our Prejudices.
268.4357-2293
Build Community by John Ortberg is
based on Acts. The study centers more on the relationship of Paul and
the encouragement of Barnabas but can build a good foundation for
understanding.
0.1521 AD
Understanding Islam and 0.1501 Caught in the Crossfire: American Arabs
provide
a great deal of information on our Islamic immigrants and their faith.
297.8-2324
Arab Friends, Neighbors and Guests by
Katy Abdullah (Augsburg Fortress) is
a 4 part Study Guide includes recipes and word origins—including Al
Jabr and Kahwa!
In a more general vein,
building peace and appreciating cultures for children is the video kit 0.1647-261.87 CH Rhythms of Peace 3: Around the World which
includes Jamaica, Cuba and Bulgaria.
Also 0.1630-261.87 CH Bald Arnold and the Fiendish Plotling
workshop
by Rich Melheim. A delightful, peaceful story for children or
intergenerational viewing! INTERNET SAFETY May, 2006
It’s exciting to go online, to type in a topic, click Enter and
have information delivered in seconds. Not like the old days of index
cards and hours of research. The whole world is on our screen.
Oops, yes the whole world; unfortunately the good,
the bad, and the unwanted pop-ups!! Erin Froslie’s article in
May’s Lutheran “Prayer
Protection” speaks to this topic: “The internet makes the
temptation [sexual exploitation] greater...The church can’t make
society safe for kids. So the church needs to make kids safe for
society.”
Strong Kids, Safe Kids 0.0102 AD is a video narrated by
Henry Winkler, 1984. “As loving parents, it’s up to us to teach our
kids to stay safe.” While
he spoke of neighborhood safety, it is equally true today for internet
safety. For
a good review of our dramatic shift in values after the 1960s, watch and
discuss Merton Strommen’s Communicating Strong Moral Values 0.2017
YTH. Strommen covers
spiritual values, traditional moral values, conflicting societal values
based on self-enhancement and immediate gratification, as well as the
impact of self-serving values. “They erode commitments people make in
marriage, in the workplace, in church, and in the community.”
So what’s the
connection. Values erode, technology has made the internet commercially
available and easy to access, commercial interests drive access to
pornography and sexual deviance. Unwittingly, our children, become
targets—easy prey! Find copies of a home “Internet Use Pledge”
samples for elementary grade taken online or printed out and used
for class discussion starter. The
ELCA website has a resources tab which families can use to read Social
Statements, and Lutheran Magazine articles. The Media Family
website deals specifically with video and media violence and how that
transfers to the street. The
video Sex, Murder and Video Games 0.1685 AD provides excellent
material and discussion questions for a select audience. It covers the
topic of sexual exploitation and violence in the street by young men and
the connection to realistic video games. This video MUST BE PREVIEWED BY
THE PASTOR AND/OR CLASS LEADER DUE TO REALISTIC VIDEO CLIPS. Hopefully
as we continue to use the internet in so many valuable ways, we may
educate children and families to use the internet wisely!
HUNGER
September, 2005
On
timely social topics the ELCA studies, proposes and adopts at churchwide
assembly, pertinent Social Statements. One such statement adopted in 1999 is
69-8615 SUFFICIENT, SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD FOR ALL. That is, an economy which
is sufficient—but not too much; sustainable —in the long term—the means and
methods of economic livelihood including agriculture. As a church … we commit
ourselves to provide counsel, food, clothing, shelter and money for people in
need, in ways which respect their dignity. This represents only a small part of
this statement but ties in with our current hurricane disaster situation and
the ELCA’s current focus on hunger.
Many
new resources are available to help us understand the existence of hunger in the
If it’s a
drought, think goats! Heifer Project Int’l works on eradicating global hunger
by providing livestock to help struggling families get beyond poverty. Video
series 0.1239 AD includes 4 films illustrating different projects that are
supported by donations. 0.1263 AD is the Twenty-fifth Anniversary of World
Hunger Appeal video illustrating where past dollars have gone.
Just introduced
by Augsburg Fortress in September 2005 is Ending Poverty Now, by George
McGovern, Bob Dole, and Donald E Messner. It is a 5 session adult Sunday School
study or small group study and discussion on the topic of world hunger. Also 261.82-2421Craig
Nessan’s Give Us This Day: A Lutheran Proposal for Ending World Hunger can be
used as an adult Sunday school/small group discussion book.
Edie and Denny
Lott from the SPS Hunger Network also have presentation resources available,
just a phone call or email away! STEWARDSHIP 0.0261 AD TITHING AS
A WAY OF LIFE, Kit ELCA 1990. ORDAINED MINISTERS Obscurata 8/06 “As a called and ordained minister of the Church of Christ, and by his authority” we are forgiven of our sins. But how does the pastor get this authority and what does it mean. The history of Holy orders is difficult to follow. Its roots lie in the Judaic priesthood of Aaron. The main legal requirement for becoming a priest was “to be born of the tribe of Levi and the family of Aaron.” Thus the priest grew up and was trained appropriately for service.
But Christ was ordained by God after the order of Melchizedek who had no
genealogy. “Our Lord...has become a priest, not according to legal
requirement...but by the power of an indestructible life.” Heb
7:16
Because
Christ left no outline for priesthood, the early church, still part of
the Jewish religion, continued in their tradition. Evidence of a
“monarchical episcopate ..is found in the letters of Ignatius of
Antioch...and priests were ordained principally for the Mass and the
sacraments.” (Catholicism,
R McBrien, p 814-5 and Abingdon
Interpreter’s Bible Vol
11)
The first evangelical ordination took place in 1525 in Wittenberg when Luther ordained Georg Rorer. In 1529 Luther in the Small Catechism discusses Peter’s role as “representative of the entire company of apostles [and their ministry]...On this rock I will build my church.” Matt 16:18 and Matt 16:19 “I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven.” Luther further clarifies, “Christ gave the apostles only spiritual power...to preach the Gospel, proclaim the forgiveness of sins, administer the sacraments and excommunicate the godless…” (Tappert, Book of Concord p 325) Thus the pastor, holder of the office of the keys through the Apostolic succession of bishops, holds that authority.
email:
rspselca@pacbell.net | |
